Licorice
glycyrrhiza glabra
Medicinal Actions
emmenagogue, galactagogue, Isoflavonoids are antiseptic against bacteria, antiviral activity against Epstein-Barr, Oral dose of glycyrrhetinic acid as antitussive orally as codeine, Glycyrrhizin has antiarthritic, antiedemic, and antiinflammatory activities, Potentiates the antiarthritic activities of hydrocortisone, GA was comparable to sodium salicylate as an antipyretic, Adrenal Stimulant, Aldose-Reductase Inhibitor, Alexeteric, Alterative, Amebicide, Analgesic, Antiaggregant, Antiallergic, Antiangiogenic, Antiasthmatic, Antibacterial, Anticariogenic, Anticomplementary, Anticonvulsant, Antidepressant, Antidiuretic, Antidote, Antierythemic, Antiencephalitic, Antiestrogenic, Antiexudative, Antihepatosis, Antiinflammatory, Antiherpetic, Antihistaminic, Antimelanogenic, Antimutagenic, Antioxidant, Antipyretic, Antiseptic, Antispasmodic, Antithrombic, Antitumor, Antitussive, Antiulcer, Antiviral, Candidicide, Chemopreventive, Choleretic, Contraceptive, COX-2 Inhibitor, Cyclo-oxygenase Inhibitor, Decongestant, Deodorant, Depurative, Desmutagenic, Detoxicant, Diaphoretic, Diuretic, Emmenagogue, Estrogenic, Expectorant, Fungicide, Hepatoprotective, Hypertensive, Immunostimulant, Interferonigenic, Lactagogue, Laxative, Lipoxygenase Inhibitor, Mucogenic, Mutagenic, Peroxidase Inhibitor, Phospholipase-A2 Inhibitor, PKC Inhibitor, Protisticide, Secretolytic, Sedative, Sialagogue, Tonic, Tyrosinase Inhibitor, Colic
Primary Conditions Treated
General Dosage
Use as flavoring in doses providing no more than 100 mg of glycyrrhizin per day is also allowed. Oral DGGL. 2–4 tbsp fresh root; 3–6 g dry root; 4.5 g dry root:22 ml alcohol/23 ml water; 1–2 g root; 1–4 g root, or in tea, 3 ×/day; 1.5–9 g root; 2–4 g root; 1.5 g root/cup; 5–10 g root/day; 5–15 g root/day = 200–600 mg glycyrrhizin; 0.6–2 g powdered root extract; 2–5 ml liquid root extract; 0.6–2 ml liquid root extract; 2–5 ml root tincture 3 ×/day; 2–6 ml/day fluid extract; 1.2–2.4 g/day deglycyrrhizinated licorice extract; 200–300 mg DGL 3 ×/day; 200–600 mg glycyrrhizin/day; 1–3 capsules 1–3 ×/day; 5–15 g root/day corresponding to 200–800 mg glycyrrhizin.
Safety & Contraindications
Adverse effects reported in M30: amenorrhea, cardiac arrest, congestive heart failure, headache, hyperprolactinemia, high blood pressure, hypokalemia, muscle weakness, myoglobinuria, myopathy, and paralysis. As prolonged use/higher doses may give mineralcorticoid adverse effects/interactions, the root should not be used for more than 4–6 weeks without consulting a physician. Cantelli-Forti et al. note that “serious side effects related to glycyrrhizin ingestion, including headaches, edema, body weight increase, and disturbances in body-electrolyte balance were observed either after daily high LE personal consumption or in clinical use.” CAN cautions that excessive ingestion can cause hyperaldosteronism. Because of estrogenic activity and reputed abortifacient activity, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. Class 2b, 2c, 2d. “Contraindicated in heart disease, diabetics, hypertensives, hepatoses, and nephroses”. Commission E reports contraindications: cholestatic liver diseases, liver cirrhosis, hypertension, hypokalemia, severe renal insufficiency, and pregnancy. May potentiate thiazide diuretics, stimulant laxatives, cardiac glycosides, and cortisol. Too much can raise the blood pressure, cause sodium and water retention, and lower potassium levels too far. May result in pseudoaldosterianism. Adverse effects reported in M30: amenorrhea, cardiac arrest, congestive